The scientific method is a cornerstone of modern science, but it wasn’t always so. It took centuries of experimentation, observation, and philosophical inquiry to develop the systematic approach to scientific inquiry that we use today. Two key figures in this development were philosophers who lived centuries apart. One emphasized human reasoning, while the other emphasized […]

Are you familiar with Descartes’ philosophy and his famous declaration, “I think, therefore I am”? Well, in his third meditation, Descartes tackles the question of whether God can be a deceiver. He argues that if God is a deceiver, then nothing can be certain. But how does he prove that God is not a deceiver?

Have you ever questioned the validity of your own thoughts and perceptions? Renowned philosopher Descartes certainly did. In his Meditations, he grapples with the idea of universal doubt, questioning everything from the existence of the external world to the reliability of his own senses. But how does one overcome such skepticism? Descartes proposes a solution: